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Santorini is one of the most famous island destinations of Greece. The small, circular island is approximately 200 km southeast from Greece's mainland. It is the southernmost island belonging to the Cyclades Islands. Thirty-Nine islands compose the Cyclades. Other Cyclades Islands include Anafi, Delos, Ios, Mykones, and Syros. Other names for the island include Thera or Thira.
Island Demographics
• Seventy-Three square kilometers
• Population of 14,000
• Main cities are Thira and Oia
• Population of 14,000
• Main cities are Thira and Oia
The island was actually formed by a volcano eruption. Because of this eruption, there is a giant caldera or lagoon in the center of the island. The lagoon is shaped like a rectangle and measures 12 km by 7 km. Towering, steep cliffs surround the lagoon on three sides. The cliffs are as high as 300 meters. On the outside of the cliffs, the island slopes down into the Aegean Sea.
On the fourth side of the island, the small island of Therasia separates the lagoon from the sea. The lagoon is approximately 400 meters deep, which makes it an excellent shipping port.
The volcano that created the island is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aegean Sea. The eruption that created the island is one of the largest volcanic explosions ever.
Excavation Revelations
Archaeologists have discovered the ruins of cities buried under about 100 feet of volcanic rock. Homes with advanced plumbing and engineering lay under all of this volcanic rock. Since few human remains were discovered in the buried city, archaeologists believe that the citizens were evacuated before the volcano exploded.
Evidence exists of multi-storied buildings. In addition, there is evidence of roads and paths that intersect each other. Archaeologists say this may point to an early method of city planning. Each house had fresh running water and toilets. These sophisticated civilizations existed prior to 1500 B.C. as it is estimated that the volcano exploded at approximately 1500 B.C.
Connection to Atlantis
Plato discussed Atlantis in his writings. The layout of Atlantis matches the layouts of the ancient cities buried on Santorini. The buried shipping docks match the descriptions of the shipping docks of Atlantis. The rocks in the quarries on Atlantis match rocks found on the island.
Modern Day
The island became a part of Greece in 1912. No rivers exist on the island. Tourism is the primary means of income for the island. Winemaking is a small but growing industry on the island.
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