10 Konsep Bangunan Menakjubkan Yang Gagal Dibangun

Konsep-konsep bangunan ini memang sedikit aneh tetapi mempunyai keunikan tersendiri. Tetapi konsep banunan ini gagal untuk diwujudkan.

10. Hotel Attraction Designed in 1908 for New York City

Hotel Attraction maunya menjadi gedung tertinggi di New York pada saat itu. Didesign oleh Antoni Gaudi, tinggilnya adalah 360 meter, dan tampaknya sangat tak mungkin pada waktu itu. Sedikit sekali fakta yang diketahui tentang proyek ini sampai ketika tahun 1956, sebuah buku berjudul “The NEw World Called Gaudi” diterbitkan. Tidak jelas mengapa proyek ini dihentikan.



9. The Illinois Designed in 1956 for Chicago Illinois

he Illinois tadinya akan menjadi pencakar langit setinggi 1.609 meter yang divisikan oleh Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright percaya bahwa bangunan ini mungkin dibuat, pada waktu itu. Design nya terdiri dari 528 tingkat, dengan luas daerah kotor 18,46 kaki persegi. Masalah yang timbul adalah ruang yang diperlukan untuk mendirikan pencakar langit itu kurang, dan terbatasnya lift (elevator) yang diperlukan. Hal itulah yang akhirnya menggagalkan proyek ini.


8. Fourth Grace / The Cloud Designed in 2002 for Liverpool England

Walaupun banyak orang yang menganggap kalau Fourth Grace adalah proposal terjelek, Arsitek Will Alsop memenangkan penghargaan design untuk proyek yang dinamakannya “The Cloud” ini. Proyek ini diberhentikan karena masalah dana yang membludak untuk membangun design spiral yang mahal. Fourth Grace didesign untuk kantor, 107 kamar hotel, dan 50000 sq ft fasilitas termasuk bar, restaurant, dan gallery.


7. Beacon of Progress Designed around 1891 for Chicago Illinois

Rencananya adalah sebuah menara batu setinggi 457 meter di Jackson Park, Chicago. Design yang memenangkan penghargaan ini dikemukakan oleh Professor MIT Désiré Despradelle, seorang Prancis. Dengan lebih banyak dukungan dana, bangunan ini bisa jadi bangunan buatan manusia tertinggi di dunia saat itu.

6. Ville Contemporaine Designed in 1922 for Paris France

The Ville Contemporaine tadinya hendak dijadikan tempat tinggal bagi 3 juta penduduk. Ville ini dikemukakan oleh arsitek Swiss-Prancis Le Corbusier. Bagian tengah bangunan ini direncanakan adalah sekelompok pencakar langit 60 tingkat yang dibangun dengan logam baja dan diselubungi oleh dinding kaca. Digunakan untuk kantor dan apartemen. Tidak jelas mengapa proyek ini dihentikan.


5. Tatlin’s Tower Designed around 1917 for St. Petersburg Russia

Tatlin’s Tower kalau jadi dibangun, akan membuat Eiffel Tower terkesan mini. Rencananya, bangunan ini terbuat dari besi, kaca, dan baja. Menara ini tadinya akan dijadikan simbol modernitas. Bentuk utama menara ini adalah twin helix yang naik secara spiral sampai tinggi 400m, dimana orang2 bisa ditransportasikan ke atas, melalui jalur itu.


4. Shimizu Mega-City Pyramid Designed in 2004 for Tokyo Japan

The Shimizu Mega-City Pyramid adalah sebuah piramid buatan raksasa di Tokyo Bay, Jepang. Struktur itu 12 kali lebih tinggi dari Piramid Giza, dan mampu menampung 750.000 manusia. Itu akan menjadi hasil bangunan manusia yang terbesar sepanjang sejarah. Piramid ini sebenarnya dibangun dengan 55 piramid yang lebih kecil dan saling ditumpuk. Masing2 piramid kecil ini besarnya sebanding dengan Luxor Hotel di Las Vegas. Alasan proyek ini tak bisa dibangun adalah karena design mega piramid ini tergantung akan material canggih yang ringan namun sungguh kuat, yang pada saat itu masih belum ada.

3. Volkshalle (The Great Dome) Designed around 1930 for Berlin Germany

The Volkshalle (People’s Hall) adalah sebuah bangunan monumental yang direncanakan oleh Adolf Hitler dan arsiteknya Albert Speer. Ia tadinya akan menjadi bangunan paling impresif dan penting di Berlin, sebagai tanda kehebatan Hitler. Untungnya, bangunan ini tidak jadi didirikan karena perang.

2. Palace of Soviets Designed in 1933 for Moscow Soviet Union

Jika Palace of Soviets jadi dibangun, ia akan menjadi struktur tertinggi di dunia. Konstruksi yang dipelopori oleh Boris Iofan’s ini sebenarnya sudah dimulai di tahun 1937 dan diberhentikan karena invasi Jerman. Tahun 1942, bahan besi nya digunakan untuk membuat jembatan.


1. Ultima Tower Designed in 1991 for San Francisco California 

Design ini tampaknya sungguh tidak mungkin (liat saja ilustrasi proyeknya diatas), tapi sebaliknya, sangat keren jika bisa dibuat. Arsitek Eugene Tsui mendapat ide bangunan ini dari hasil belajarnya di San Fransisco. Struktur ini akan menggunakan energi hasil konversi energi atmosferik dengan cara mengubah energi yang dihasilkan perbedaan tekanan udara dari atas dan bawah bangunan ini menjadi energi listrik. Bangunan ini memiliki 500 lantai (2 mil tingginya) dan diharapkan menjadi tempat tinggal sekitar 1 juta penduduk.

Gadis Menghadang Kereta Api Maut di Rusia

Remaja-remaja di Rusia sekarang memiliki permainan baru, sebuah uji keberanian menantang laju kereta api.
Ini harus dilakukan cepat, karena apabila si penantang terlalu cepat muncul dan terlihat oleh masinis, kereta tersebut akan direm dan gagal semuanya. Jadi sang penantang akan bersembunyi terlebih dahulu, dan berlari beberapa detik sebelum kereta api mendekat, mengambil posisi tidur atau tengkurap, sehingga kereta akan tetap berjalan dengan kecepatan penuh, tepat hanya beberapa inchi di atas badan dan kepala. Woow, tantangan ini bahkan dilakukan oleh para gadis….!!!

Pajak Motor kamu Mati? Polisi gak Berhak Nilang kok, ini Jawabannya

Ada yang punya informasi tentang Tilang karna telat bayar pajak kendaraan motor gak ? masih simpang siur nih... , jangan sampe kita di boongin sama polisi,Dari berbagai sumber yg saya baca, polisi tuh gak berhak menilang apalagi pake acara nahan motor kita..., polisi tuh cuma wajib menegur kita utk bayar pajak.

kalo tetep ngotot minta pd polisi tsb peraturannya ? pasal berapa ? suruh menunjukkan...kalau nggak bisa jangan mau..!

Soalnya telat bayar pajak itu sudah ada sanksi tersendiri yaitu denda...dan itu urusan dinas pendapatan daerah (dispenda)

Ini kutipan dari web : Kontan,

Menurut apa yang tertulis dalam Undang-Undang Lalulintas No.14 Tahun 1992 itu, polisi hanya boleh menilang pelanggaran yang bersangkutan dengan kelengkapan kendaraan. “Misalnya, lengkap surat-menyuratnya (SIM dan STNK), ada lampunya, lalu lampu sein menyala, dan seterusnya,” tutur Iwan.

Berdasarkan aturan itu juga, cuma polisi yang berhak mengambil tindakan terhadap pelanggaran yang terjadi di jalanan.

Eh, ini urusan Dispenda

Setelah Undang-undang itu dilaksanakan, ada instruksi bersama antara Menhankam, Mendagri, dan Menkeu tentang Sistem Administrasi Negara di Bawah Satu Atap. Kesepakatan inilah yang berkaitan dengan pajak kendaraan. Kesepakatan yang terjadi pada tahun 1990 itu masih berlaku sampai sekarang. “Jadi, polisi secara resmi terlibat, tapi dengan semangat mengamankan pendapatan Negara,” ujar Iwan lagi.

Meski begitu, selama menyangkut pajak kendaraan, polisi hanya berwenang menghentikan kendaraan dan menanyakan status pajak. Jika ternyata memang belum membayar pajak, polisi hanya boleh mencatat surat kendaraan. “Data tersebut diserahkan kepada Dispenda setempat,” kata Rahmat Ahyar, Wakil Kepala Dispenda DKI Jakarta.

Bisakah polisi menilang gara-gara soal pajak ini? “Kalau mengikuti undang-undang sebenarnya tidak bisa. Soal pajak itu urusannya Dispenda,” kata Iwan. Berkaitan dengan soal pajak ini, polisi tidak bisa menyita STNK atau SIM, apalagi hingga menahan mobil atau motor yang dimaksud.

Hal ini dibenarkan oleh Direktur Lalulintas Polda Metro Jaya, Djoko Susilo. “Masalah pajak bukan urusan polisi, tapi Dispenda. Kalau masalah pajak polisi enggak berhak menilang,” kata Djoko.

Bahkan, seandainya pembayar pajak yang telat ini pas kena razia di jalanan umum, polisi tetap tidak bisa berbuat apa-apa. “Kalau semua surat lengkap dan gak ada masalah, ya, enggak bisa ditilang,” ucapnya.

Jika si polisi tetap mengambil tindakan menilang, Djoko menyarankan agar si pengendara mengajukan komplain secara resmi. Pengendara bisa mencatat nama polisi yang tertera di seragam dan melaporkan kepada yang berwenang.

mengenai surat tilang:

saat menilang, polisi memiliki dua kertas: biru dan merah. Warna biru artinya pengendara mengakui kesalahan, sedangkan merah berarti pengendara tidak mengakui kesalahan Konsekuensinya pun berbeda. “Kalau yang merah untuk pengadilan. Yang biru untuk ke bank,” kata Djoko Susilo, Direktur Lalulintas Polda Metro Jaya.

Kalau Anda memilih warna biru, proses yang akan dilalui mudah. Yakni, datang ke bank dan membayar denda sesuai ketentuan. “Ada daftar jenis pelanggaran dan dendanya,”

Dengan bukti pembayaran dari bank, Anda bisa mengambil surat yang disita polisi. Walhasil, Anda pun bisa mengirit waktu.

Sementara, kalau berkas merah yang dipilih, Agan harus datang ke pengadilan. Hanya saja, di pengadilan, Anda boleh membayar di bawah ketentuan denda jika sedang bokek. “Kalau lewat pengadilan bisa kurang”

ada yg bisa menambahkan ??

semoga info ini bermanfaat.

Making Use of Roll Up Banners for Store Display Design

By Allen J Lawlor

Roll up banners are some of the most underused yet amazingly effective display advertising tools. Banners are eye-catching adverts that entice prospect customers into buying your product. They can be used for internal and external display, a cost-effective approach to getting people's attention. When properly used, banners are powerful in communicating your marketing message to your target customers without the hefty cost. However, when not used wisely, they only occupy advertising or display space and create a clutter-look in your retail store.

One of the effective ways of using roll up banners is using them at special events. Roll up banners enhance the mood or ambience of your store, complementing in-store design and lights you're using. They are a unique kind of advertisement instruments that highlight special events or sales seasons. Just make sure not to let the banners overshadow your actual product. Don't use oversized banners in a rather small and skimpy business premises. Adhere to the design principles in choosing the dimension and design of display banners.

Always do spell check and grammar check for each of your messages. The graphics on your roll up banners may be suggestive enough, but make sure that the text part of the design is free from grammatical errors. It's very much okay to add humour into the design as there are advert concepts about misspellings and bad grammar, but it's an entirely different thing if your banners are obviously not proofread. Think of your audience as intellectuals who know the difference between what's intentional and what isn't.

To customers, soft selling is better than hard selling. The same holds true in designing banners. As said, it's fine to use funny quotes and images in the banner design because these sort of lighten or soften the marketing message you want to convey. Also, you want to draw customers into your store and not turn them away through your roll up banners. It's discouraging for most customers to see store-front banners with hard marketing messages on them.

Inside the store premises, you may use banners to help customers in buying or finding a product. You can print out frequently asked questions or FAQ on the banners to clarify issues, and to avoid your sales personnel from having to entertain the same inquiries over and over. You can place sales message on the banners to notify customers about discounted or bundled products. You can allocate one corner in your store where you display all your sale items and place roll up banners to encourage purchases.

Process print ltd was established in 1999. We are a full promotional print & embroidery company specialising in T shirt printing. We print, embroider and supply a full range of promotional clothing, corporate clothing and promotional goods banners, pop up banners and Roll Up Banners. We have over 20 years experience in the promotional print industry and our vast knowledge/ experience in this area coupled with our quality & service has led us to be one of the leading promotional printers in the country.

10 Guiding Principles for Aspiring Film Makers

By Den M Lennie

I have always been obsessed with creating excellence in everything I do. In my quest for excellence as a film maker, I have traveled the world learning the tools and techniques as a result of being on the 'front line', filming in countless different environments in almost every continent (I never got to Antarctica!). However, no matter where and what I was filming, the approach in each and every case was fundamentally the same.

There are some guiding principles that drive what I do. I thought I would share 10 of the main ones here with you today. Then, in future posts, we'll move onto the specifics of increasing your film making confidence and knowledge as rapidly as possible.

So here are my 10 guiding principles for success as a film maker. I'll be coming back to each of these in detail in the weeks and months ahead:

1) Most aspiring film makers are not confident enough to go out and shoot for money. It's only the lack of knowledge that prevents their confidence from brimming. I remember my first ever shoot for the BBC, I was petrified I'd mess it up, sweating nervously. Just simply because of a lack of experience and knowledge (at that time). There's no short cut here, but I can accelerate this for you.

2) If you're not out shooting projects, you'll never get over the confidence hurdle. Experience comes from making lots of mistakes, but learning fast! I have got literally dozens of stories of screwing up on location, yet I was always working. The secret is knowing how to fix a problem, always have a Plan B.

3) What defines a film maker anyway? And who has the right to say you can't be one? You don't need to spend huge sums on all the gadgets or the very latest kit AND it DOES NOT and SHOULD NOT prevent you from creating great work. But knowing how to do it on a budget, there's the magic formula! Buying 'stuff' is really easy.... making stuff takes some effort.

4) You have 8 seconds to make an impact on a new visitor to your website. If you don't get them in the first 8 seconds, they'll move on to the next site, so if you want them to watch your film, better make the opening shot count! Try this next time your 'browsing the web', ask yourself "what's interesting for me?", "what am I looking for?

5) Execution is the greatest tool available for film making success. Becoming great at realising your vision and 'making it happen' will make you a confident and great film maker. There's only so much theory you can consume before you have to apply yourself.

6) If you shoot for money, your prices are almost certainly too low. But if you don't have the confidence to charge more, perhaps this is holding you back. There's a commonality amongst creatives and it's about money, have you ever felt that it's almost 'frowned upon' to charge 'too much?'. Let me tell you something, those people who frown only do so because they're envious. Be proud of your prices. If you truly believe that you give your clients exceptional service and value and that they benefit, then you are providing huge value, just make sure you reflect this in your pricing. Think about it, when do you ever buy anything that's so important and look for the 'cheapest'?

7) Being a Film maker can be tough, but just being a spectator is much, much worse. You've made the right decision (or maybe you're about to make the right decision). Film making is one of the most rewarding vocations ever and there has never before been so many platforms on which to showcase your work. But more exciting are the number of businesses you can approach to create compelling films that will not only be creative wonders but also help the client promote their product, service or widget. Make films and get paid? Imagine!

Everyone can learn to be a great film maker, it's a choice. Nobody will tell you this but becoming a confident and successful film maker is actually fairly straightforward. Study and duplicate success. It's (almost) as simple as that.

9) The most important factor in creating film making success is your mindset and thinking. That's why a significant proportion of my work is focused on building your confidence and teaching you how to follow a process when shooting. Once you master this, you will be amazed at how easy it is to replicate in ANY situation.

10) Nothing I tell you will ever be theory. I can now go into any situation, light it, shoot it and know with absolute certainty that it will edit together well and look fantastic but getting there was not always easy. All my skills and experience were developed in 'the trenches'. If I can save you from some of the hurdles I had to jump over, I will have done a good job.

Den Lennie is an award winning veteran of a 17 year career in television production with credits as Lighting Cameraman, DOP, Producer and Director. He's worked with broadcasters, production companies and top film-makers from all over the world, filming in nearly 50 countries. The list of people Den has personally lit and filmed reads like a Who's Who of celebrities from the world of cinema and music: Ewan McGregor, U2, Bon Jovi, Liam Neeson, Kylie Minogue, Mel Gibson, Noel Gallagher, Robbie Williams, Christina Aguilera, Tom Cruise and Naomi Campbell are just a few of the names Den has captured on film or video. He's worked at the World Music Awards in Monte Carlo, the MTV and Mobo awards ceremonies and at London Fashion Week. Den's career has also taken him into the field of news and documentaries, of property and travel programmes - winning Royal 2 x Television Society awards in the UK.

He now dedicates all of his time when not filming to http://www.fstopacademy.com an alternative film making education resource offering Online Film Making Courses, Practical Training, Mentoring and Hands on Workshops for Aspiring Film Makers Who Don't have the time or desire to go to film school.

Is Being a Film Director Right for You?

By Percey Evans

To many cinephiles, nothing is more thrilling than the idea of directing a film. From choosing a team for a project, to developing a vision for the movie, to working with actors to realize that vision - it's simply tops when it comes to excitement. If this sounds like you, then maybe you've considered becoming a director... but how can you know if it's the right choice for you? Here are 5 steps to help you with the decision.

Step 1 - Think about who you are.

Film director schools prepare students for the world of cinema. It's an exhilarating world to be sure, but also a tough one which demands perseverance. So take a moment to think about your personality. Are you truly passionate about film? Are you the type of person who is discouraged easily? Try and be as honest as you can in your self-assessment.

Step 2 - Read up about the career of less famous film directors.

It's easy to read about the Steven Spielbergs and the Roman Polanskis of the world, but the truth is most film directors don't command eight-figure salaries. Do some research online about the "less famous" directors working today. What is their lifestyle like? How did they find success early in their careers? Which film schools did they go to? By researching the answers to these questions, you'll develop a greater understanding of the reality of typical film director's career.

Step 3 - Visit a film director school.

Many film schools in Canada offer open houses, where prospective students can visit the campus and talk with teachers. Find some schools in your area, visit them, and take a moment to talk with the instructors who work there. Many film schools employ working directors in their programs. Chat with these director/teachers to get first-hand knowledge of the position, and the industry.

Step 4 - Shadow a film director.

Call your local film director school and ask to talk with an instructor who is a director. Ask that director if they'd mind if you shadow them the next time they're directing a movie. "Shadowing" means you literally watch the director work, and in that way, develop a greater understanding of the person's role.

Step 5 - Enrol in a film director school.

If you've done steps 1 to 4, and you're convinced that being a director is right for you, then the last thing to do is to take a look at some film schools in Canada, and enrol. As a student, you'll spend all day learning about the field, and this total immersion in film director school is the last step to help you decide if being a director is the career you'd like to pursue.

Contact the Trebas Institute for more information on their film director school.

Percey Evans is a freelance writer who works for Higher Education Marketing, a leading Web marketing firm specializing in Google Analytics, Education Lead Generation, Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Mobile SMS Alerts, Social Media Marketing and Pay Per Click Marketing, among other Web marketing services and tools.

Desain Lift Paling Unik Dan Kreatif

Saat menunggu lift datang pastilah teman-teman memperhatikan bentuk, model atau desain depan lift tersebut. Entah apa saja yang terlitas di pikiran teman teman pada saat itu, namun pekerjaan menunggu di depan lift sangat sangat membosankan.

Tidak untuk yang satu ini. Menunggu di depan lift kali ini akan membuat teman teman merasa terhibur dan terpana akan bentuk lift yang kreatif ini.

Sumber: kaskus.us

10 Kota di Dunia yang Paling Jarang Dikunjungi

Agan-agan semua pasti tau dunia yang indah ini kan ? dan beberapa kota yang sangat mewah, indah dan bagus di berbagai penjuru di dunia ini. Tapi ada 10 kota yang paling jarang dikunjungi di dunia yang luas ini

Berikut ini 10 kota yang paling jarang dikunjungi :

1. La Oroya, Peru

Kota ini dikenal untuk peleburan logam seperti zinc, timah dan tembaga. Hampir setiap anak kecil di kota menderita penyakit karena tingkat tinggi limbah beracun dari pabrik2 yang bisa memasuki peredaran darah mereka. Tapi penderitaan kota ini belom begitu saja kota ini telah berubah menjadi gurun karena Hujan Asam yang terjadi.

2. Sumgayit, Azerbaijan

Kota ini sebenarnya sangat terkenal, tapi terkenal karena ini adalah tempat untuk produksi pestisida dan bahan kimia tertentu. Namun, juga terkenal karena membuang limbah tersebut ke dalam Laut Kaspia yang menjelaskan mengapa tingkat kanker mengejutkan meningkat selama beberapa tahun terakhir.Anehnya ga ada orang yang peduli dengan tempat ini

3. Dakar, Senegal

Kota ini paling terkenal sebagai cosmopolitan Afrika Barat, tetapi karena berada di dekat The Baie de Hanne, kota ini tidak terlalu populer di kalangan wisatawan. Baie de Hanne menyediakan air minum "bersih sejernih Aku-a" untuk rumah tangga tetapi sebenernya sudah tercampur limbah dari pabrik2

4. Norilsk, Russia

Di kota ini ada sekitar 134.000 warga dan perusahaan terbesar yang memproduksi logam berat ada di sini juga. Limbah yang dilepaskan ke udara sangat berbahaya dan dapat mengurangi harapan hidup seseorang dengan setidaknya.... 10 tahun

5. Linfen, China

Kota ini memiliki populasi lebih dari 4 juta. Karena negara itu memproduksi batubara secara massal maka pasti daerah tersebut tercemar. Para warga terus keselek karena air minum dicampur dengan arsenik. Orang-orang yang memutuskan untuk tidak pergi di sini jelas punya otak.

6. Arvin, California

Kota di California ini dikatakan menjadi kota paling tercemar di amrik Udara begitu tebal dan kotor sehingga sulit untuk melihat orang yang berjalan di depan Anda setelah malam tiba. Oleh karena itu, jika Anda ingin mengubah paru-paru hitam Anda dan mengalami kecelakaan hebat, silahkan mengunjungi Arvin.

7. Mallocra, Spain

Kota di Spanyol ini telah membuat cukup reputasi untuk dirinya sendiri. Penduduk kota tersebut dikatakan luar biasa kasar dan tidak ramah. Mereka yang telah mengunjungi kota ini menyarankan untuk menjauhi dari penduduk sini karena mereka kasar sekali

8. Youngstown, Ohio

Orang di amerika tidak mengunjungi Youngstown karena mereka tahu bahwa ada kemungkinan besar bahwa Anda akan ditembak mati di kepala jika Anda keluar dari rumah atau hotel.Faktanya kota ini dikenal sebagai ibukota pembunuhan dunia

9. Any city in Sri Lanka

Orang-orang mungkin tahu bahwa jika mereka ingin liburan yang damai dan tenang, mereka harus tinggal jauh dari Sri Lanka. Meskipun Anda akan ingin memiliki waktu yang baik,tapi warga terus-menerus akan bercerita tentang betapa miskin negara ini atau bagaimana merajalela masalahnya di negara mereka alias minta dikasihanin kan cape juga dengar curhatan mereka

10. Akiak, Alaska

"Akiak" kasar diterjemahkan menjadi "sisi lain atau daerah lain" dan penduduk pada tahun 2000 adalah sekitar 309. Kota ini memiliki sebuah bandara yang terawat dengan baik dan layanan yang menyediakan akses ke pesawat terbang pribadi dan disewa. Di kota tidak ada pajak, tidak ada properti dan tidak ada yang khusus tentang hal ini.

7 Foto Termahal di Dunia Sepanjang Sejarah

Foto berjudul “Rhein II” ini merupakan hasil jepretan Andreas Gursky, dan bagi mata orang awam seperti kita, tak ada yang terlihat spesial dari foto ini. Namun siapa yang menyangka foto yang terlihat biasa-biasa saja in bisa laku dengan harga 4.338.500 juta dolar atau 38.590.957.500 milliar jika di rupiahkan.

“Rhein II” terjual pada Selasa (08/11) malam di lelang Christie, dan memecahkan rekor sebelumnya yang dipegang oleh Cindy Sherman “Untitled # 96″ yang terjual dengan harga 3.890.500 dolar atau Rp 34.605.997.500 pada bulan Mei 2011 silam.

Berikut adalah daftar 7 foto termahal di dunia sepanjang sejarah:

7. Tobolsk Kremlin (2009)

Dmitry Medvedev, Tobolsk Kremlin (2009), terjual seharga Rp 15.750.000.000 pada Januari 2010 di Christmas Yarmarka, Saint Petersburg.

6. Billy the Kid (1879-1880)

    Billy the Kid

Fotografer tidak diketahui, terjual seharga Rp 20.458.500.000 pada Juni 2011 di Brian Lebel Old West Show & Auction.

5. The Pond-Moonligh (1904)

The Pond Moonlight

Edward Steichen, The Pond-Moonligh (1904), Rp 26.044.560.000, terjual pada Februari 2006, di lelang Sotheby, New York.

4. 99 Cent II Diptychon (2001)

    99 Cent II Diptychon

Andreas Gursky, 99 Cent II Diptychon (2001), Rp 29.766.726.120, terjual pada Februari 2007, di lelang Sotheby di London.

3. Untitled (Cowboy)

Untitled (Cowboy)

Richard Prince, “Untitled (Cowboy)” (c.2001-2002), Rp 30.51.895.000, terjual pada 14 November 2007 di Sotheby, New York.

2. Untitled # 96 (1981)

    Untitled # 96

Cindy Sherman, Untitled # 96 (1981), Rp 34.605.997.500, terjual pada Mei 2011, di rumah lelang Christie di New York.

1. Rhine II (1999)

Rhein II

Andreas Gursky, Rhine II (1999), Rp 38.590.957.500, terjual pada 8 November, 2011, di rumah lelang Christie New York.

What Comes First, Your Brand Name or Your Brand Position?

By Barry Silverstein

In 1927, Zenith introduced this advertising slogan: "The quality goes in before the name goes on." That statement is as true today as it was then -- and it takes on an even greater meaning if we think of it in broader branding terms.
The fact is, some marketers may be in such a hurry to bring their brand to market that they spend more time trying to think up a clever brand name than they do creating a brand position. But as Zenith implied, you have to build a quality product first, before you put a brand name on it.
In order for that quality product to be effectively marketed, it requires something more than just a brand name. It needs a brand position.
A brand positioning statement establishes a strategy for how you will launch and market your brand.
On the surface, a brand positioning statement looks pretty easy to write, because it is typically very short. But as professional copywriters will tell you, often short copy is much harder to write than long copy, because you have to distill key concepts into a few very well-chosen meaningful words.
Here's what to include in a brand positioning statement:
1. Likely Brand Buyer- This is the person who is most likely to be interested in buying your brand. Often this person is described as being part of your "target audience." The likely brand buyer should be described as specifically as possible: gender, race, age, income, geographic area, employment, interests, etc. Ideally, you will build a descriptive profile of one or more target audiences for your brand.
2. Competition- The statement should position your brand against existing competition so the target audience can distinguish between your brand and someone else's.
3. Product Benefits - The most compelling benefits of the brand.
4. Unique Brand Promise- The unique selling proposition of your brand.
While the components are easy to define, what's behind them is a lot more challenging. The brand positioning statement is really the culmination of having an in-depth understanding of your audience, being knowledgeable about your competition, identifying your product benefits, and carefully defining your brand promise.
The brand positioning statement can be phrased in different ways -- the way you say it isn't nearly as important as what the statement includes.
The most important thing you can do when you create a brand positioning statement is differentiate your brand position.
Today, very few company, product, or service ideas are truly new and unique. You can almost be guaranteed that someone, somewhere, has developed a product or service similar to yours. And even if you bring a unique product or service to market, it won't be long before another company comes out with a look-alike. This is just the nature of the competitive marketplace.
This doesn't mean the situation is hopeless! There are such things as first-mover advantage, which means being first in your category. Federal Express was the first overnight small package delivery service, and to this day, people still say "FedEx it" when they want to ship something overnight. There are also many situations where a brand creates a category and a better competitor arrives to take over the category. Palm, for example, was the first company to pioneer the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) with the Palm Pilot. But the company failed to see the evolution of the category into a combination PDA-smartphone, so other brands like BlackBerry and iPhone quickly grabbed top positions in the category.
The brand positioning statement will help you make sure you are creating a brand position that stands out in a highly competitive marketplace. Put your brand positioning statement to the test: Make sure it has the four elements mentioned above -- and above all, make sure you are doing everything possible to make your brand unique.

Barry Silverstein has over 30 years of experience in branding, advertising, and marketing. He ran his own direct and Internet marketing agency for two decades. He is a branding/marketing consultant, professional freelance business writer and the author of two new eGuides, "Branding 123: Build a Breakthrough Brand in 3 Proven Steps" and "Product Launch 123: Launch a New Product or Service in 3 Proven Steps." Each of these eGuides is available for $2.99 at the Amazon Kindle store, for the nook, iPad, and at Smashwords.com in any eBook format. More information is available at http://www.123eguides.com.

3 Simple Steps to Crafting the Best College Logo Design Ever

By Bobby Sherman

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A logo defines the distinctness of the college. The brand mark that you craft today will become the symbol that adorns the sports teams and advertisement mediums for years to come.
It will eventually become the symbol for pride, loyalty, affiliation and devotion for all the people who are associated to it.
This makes it extremely important for you to make sure that you craft your emblem in such a way that it lasts forever.
Below mentioned are 3 simple steps that will help you craft the best college logo design ever:
1. Get Inspiration From Your College Motto:
What is your college motto?
A college motto mostly comprises of the objectives and goals that the institution wishes to achieve. If you want to make your brand mark distinct, then it is important that the elements of the motto should be reflected in the design. Also remember that the brand mark of an educational institute must be smart and intelligent.
2. Find the perfect object that defines your college:
What is the perfect object that defines your college?
Try to find inspiration from the things around you. Is there an animal that can describe your institution the best? Is there any object that can do that? For that, you need to make a list of features that make your college distinct. Then accompany each of those features with an object.
Another idea is to use the things that make your state or city distinct from the crowd.
Is there any animal or bird that your city or state is famous for?
Are the planes and mountains of your region distinct from others? Can you use that in your brand mark?
Make sure that you use only one central concept for the brand mark so that the focus of the image can be retained.
3. Choose Colors That Reflect The True Essence Of The Place:
Choose colors that make your city or state unique and distinct. For example, if your state is known for its sunny nature and bright atmosphere, then you can use bright colors like yellow and orange in your emblem. But here, you need to make sure that you do not use more than 3 colors in the entire design. Also make sure that all the colors you use are complementing each other. If you are using bright colors for the image, then make sure that the background is light colored.
In a nutshell, by using significant elements in your college logo design, you will be able to sell your institution in a corporate manner. An educational brand mark is a symbol for quality education which should assure its viewers that they will be polished into bright minds that will lead successful lives.

Red, Green and Blue - The Best Colors for College Logo Designs

By Bobby Sherman

"The use of expressive colors is felt to be one of the basic elements of the modern mentality, and historical necessity, beyond choice."
- Henri Matisse
Have you ever observed some of the famous college emblems?
What colors have they used prominently?
Colors have a distinct psychological effect on people. It conveys moods and feelings without the use of words. This feature makes it an important element in college emblems.
Although each college emblem consists of unique patterns and designs, the colors that have been used in the symbols are quite similar.
What are some of the popular colors that have been used in college logo designs?
If you observe carefully, some of the popular colors that have been used in emblems of educational institutes are red, yellow, green and blue.
Why is that?
Let's have a look at what each of the color signifies.
Red color represents action, confidence and vitality. It is one of the warmest colors in the palette. This color also has a warm effect on people. It is often said that surrounding yourself with red color fastens and accelerates heartbeat. Since this color is associated with energy and youth, this makes it the perfect color to adorn an educational institute. By using this color in their emblem, the educational institute is saying that they are confident, passionate and assertive enough to go after their dreams.
Have you seen the Harvard or the University of Chicago logo?
The Harvard symbol consists of a red colored shield with illustrations of small books with the college motto. Similarly, the University of Chicago symbol consists of an image of a shield with an illustration of a book and a hawk. In both the cases, crimson is used prominently that makes it attractive and lively.
The color blue is popularly considered a "favorite". Blue is known as one of the coolest colors - the color of the ocean, sky and twilight. This color has a soothing effect and motivates conversation. It is a color for solitude and peace. The blue color conveys confidence, importance and intelligence without being sinister.
Have you seen the Duke University emblem?
It consists of a blue and white colored shield with the school motto that says "Knowledge and Faith".
Green color is used to signify nature, growth and expansion. It symbolizes self-respect and well-being. If a school uses this color in their new college logo then they are attracting self-respect and well-being of the institute.
Have you seen the Dartmouth university symbol?
It consists of green colored scenery of a college building with a book shining from the sky. The school name is placed at the border of the shield.
In a nutshell, some of the best colors that have been used in school emblems are red, green and blue because they signify energy, confidence and growth.

Bobby Sherman is a logo designer working at professional logo design firm. For more information,find her at college logo designs.